Which act established the minimum wage, overtime pay, and child labor standards?

• A. Americans with Disabilities Act
• B. National Labor Relations Act
• C. Title VII Civil Rights Act of 1964
• D. Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is understanding which federal law sets the pay rules for workers, including the minimum wage, overtime pay, and protections for young workers. The Fair Labor Standards Act established these standards. Enacted in 1938, it created a nationwide minimum wage, requires overtime pay (1.5 times the regular rate) for eligible employees who work more than 40 hours in a workweek, and imposes age and hour restrictions on the employment of minors. It covers many private- and public-sector workers, though there are some exemptions, and it’s enforced by the Department of Labor. Over time, the wage rate and some provisions have been updated, but the fundamental purpose remains: to ensure fair wages, limit excessive work hours, and protect younger workers.

The other acts address different aspects of employment law. The Americans with Disabilities Act focuses on nondiscrimination and accessibility for people with disabilities. The National Labor Relations Act protects employees’ rights to organize and engage in collective bargaining. The Title VII Civil Rights Act prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. While important, none of these establish the nationwide wage and hour standards that the Fair Labor Standards Act does.