Which neural process involves growth and pruning of synaptic connections?

• A. Neurogenesis
• B. Synaptic growth and pruning
• C. Myelination
• D. Synaptic transmission

Answer: (B)

Growth and pruning of synaptic connections is all about synaptic plasticity in which the brain forms many connections early on and then strengthens some while eliminating others based on use and experience. This refinement process shapes neural networks so they become more efficient at processing information. The idea captured here is that synapses can both grow and be pruned, leading to more optimized communication between neurons.

Neurogenesis refers to creating new neurons, not trimming connections. Myelination speeds up signal conduction by insulating axons, but it isn’t about changing the number of synapses. Synaptic transmission is the actual signaling event at the synapse, not the broader sculpting of connections over time.