Who issues a decision that is imposed on disputing parties to resolve conflict?

• A. Mediators
• B. Moderators
• C. Negotiators
• D. Arbitrators

Answer: (D)

The concept here is a decision-maker whose ruling is binding on everyone involved. An arbitrator is a neutral third party who listens to both sides, examines the evidence, and then issues a final decision that the disputing parties are required to follow. This binding ruling is what resolves the conflict without going to court, and in many cases it can be challenged only on limited legal grounds.

This differs from mediators and negotiators. A mediator helps the parties communicate and explore options to reach a voluntary agreement, but they do not impose any obligation. A negotiator seeks a deal between sides, again without a binding determination. A moderator oversees the discussion or process but does not render a binding resolution.

So the one who issues a decision that is imposed on the parties to resolve the dispute is the arbitrator.